Respuesta :
ContinuaDatos Importantes:
Calor específico del hielo:
ℎ
=
0.5
cal/g°C
c
hielo
=0.5cal/g°C
Calor específico del agua:
=
1
cal/g°C
c
agua
=1cal/g°C
Calor de fusión del hielo:
=
80
cal/g
L
f
=80cal/g
Calor de vaporización del agua:
=
540
cal/g
L
v
=540cal/g
Masa del hielo:
=
100
g
m=100g
Calor suministrado por segundo:
=
2
cal/s
q=2cal/s
Fases de Calentamiento:
Calentar el hielo desde -5°C a 0°C:
1
=
⋅
ℎ
⋅
Δ
=
100
g
⋅
0.5
cal/g°C
⋅
(
0
−
(
−
5
)
)
°
=
100
⋅
0.5
⋅
5
=
250
cal
Q
1
=m⋅c
hielo
⋅ΔT=100g⋅0.5cal/g°C⋅(0−(−5))°C=100⋅0.5⋅5=250cal
Tiempo para calentar el hielo a 0°C:
1
=
1
=
250
cal
2
cal/s
=
125
s
t
1
=
q
Q
1
=
2cal/s
250cal
=125s
Fusión del hielo a agua a 0°C:
2
=
⋅
=
100
g
⋅
80
cal/g
=
8000
cal
Q
2
=m⋅L
f
=100g⋅80cal/g=8000cal
Tiempo para derretir el hielo:
2
=
2
=
8000
cal
2
cal/s
=
4000
s
t
2
=
q
Q
2
=
2cal/s
8000cal
=4000s
Calentar el agua desde 0°C a 100°C:
3
=
⋅
⋅
Δ
=
100
g
⋅
1
cal/g°C
⋅
100
°
=
100
⋅
100
=
10000
cal
Q
3
=m⋅c
agua
⋅ΔT=100g⋅1cal/g°C⋅100°C=100⋅100=10000cal
Tiempo para calentar el agua a 100°C:
3
=
3
=
10000
cal
2
cal/s
=
5000
s
t
3
=
q
Q
3
=
2cal/s
10000cal
=5000s
Vaporización del agua a vapor a 100°C:
4
=
⋅
=
100
g
⋅
540
cal/g
=
54000
cal
Q
4
=m⋅L
v
=100g⋅540cal/g=54000cal
Tiempo para vaporizar el agua:
4
=
4
=
54000
cal
2
cal/s
=
27000
s
t
4
=
q
Q
4
=
2cal/s
54000cal
=27000s
Graficación del Comportamiento:
La gráfica del comportamiento de la temperatura del compuesto
H
2
O
H
2
O con respecto al tiempo tendrá diferentes fases:
Fase 1: Calentamiento del hielo desde -5°C a 0°C.
Fase 2: Fusión del hielo (temperatura constante a 0°C).
Fase 3: Calentamiento del agua desde 0°C a 100°C.
Fase 4: Vaporización del agua (temperatura constante a 100°C).
Aquí tienes una representación aproximada de cómo sería la gráfica:
yaml
Copiar código
Temperatura (°C)
|
100| *----> Fase 4: Vaporización del agua
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| |r generando